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Melatonin

Sleep

Also known as Sold as a supplement — many brands

Melatonin is the hormone your brain releases at night to signal that it's time to sleep. Taking it works best for shifting your sleep timing — jet lag, shift work, a body clock that runs late — rather than knocking you out like a sleeping pill. Two honest things to know: it's sold as a supplement, not an FDA-approved drug, so quality and actual content vary a lot between brands (look for a USP Verified mark). And more isn't better — lower amounts often work just as well as higher ones, with less next-day grogginess.

How to take it

When

Take it 1 to 2 hours before the bedtime you want — it sets the stage rather than flipping a switch.

Food

With or without food. A dark, screen-free wind-down does more than timing it around meals.

Avoid

Skip alcohol with it, and don't drive after taking it. More isn't better — taking extra mostly buys you grogginess and vivid dreams.

For kids

Talk to the pediatrician before giving melatonin to a child — behavioral sleep routines come first, and long-term use in kids isn't well studied. Keep gummies locked away: child poisonings from melatonin gummies have surged.

Missed a dose?

It's taken as needed at bedtime, so there's no missed dose to worry about. If you forget and wake in the night, just skip it — taking it late can leave you groggy in the morning. Never double up.

Common side effects

  • Morning grogginess
  • Vivid dreams
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Mild nausea

Call a doctor if

Educational only. This summary is drawn from public FDA labeling and MedlinePlus and simplified for readability. Your prescription label and your pharmacist always come first — doses and instructions vary from person to person.